Archive for the ‘ Human Rights ’ Category

The Chinese Communist Party persecutes my family for over 60 years

My name is Chung Ping Jun, a.k.a. Chen Yi-Qiang. I am from Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province, China. I was born on the 21st of October, 1978. I can trace my ancestry to Niugen Village, Tianpan town, Yangjiang County, Guangdong Province. According to my family, my great grand-father was Chung Kwong-Cheung. He was a local gentleman.My grand-father, Chung Ming-Nga was a member of Kuomintang, he was the head of Yangchun County (now known as Yangchun City) Taxation Bureau before 1950. After Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan, my great grand-father and grand-father stayed in mainland China because they did not know the true nature of CCP back then. They thought that the party would not prosecute them because they did not commit any crime.The party indeed did not harm them at start as it needed them to secure local order. In 1952, when the rule of the party was well-established, it launched the reform of the ownership of land. It confiscated my clanÂ’s land and property and arrested my great grand-father. My great grand-father was tied up with rough hemp rope. Because he was bound so tightly and in an inappropriate way, he was strangled to death on the way to the execution yard. Then a working
committee arrested my grand-father, they beat him and did not provide him with food. My grand-father died of starvation shortly afterwards.My grand-mother had to make the younger three of her five children adopted by other people so that they might suffer less. My father of the youngest and was only two at that time. My grand-mother, aunt and uncleÂ’s family also lived wretched lives which I shall leave it here for now.
My fatherÂ’s original name was Chung Man-Hoi and as he was adopted by the family of Chen so he is also known as Chen Xiang-lai. My fatherÂ’s foster father was a carpenter. My father was a bright child so he was well-beloved by his foster parents. Albeit under the rule of the dreadful dictator, China was poor and turbulent, his childhood was still fairly happy under the protection of his foster parents. The reform in 1978 apparently brought new hope to China from the liberal world. My father earned much with excellent craftsmanship and the trust of the locals. He opened a company specialized at producing furniture and decorating buildings. At first the business prospered because of good credibility and quality. My family was reasonable rich when I was a kid. In 1994, my father contracted with the local government and police station to decorate their buildings. (Heshan Town, Yangdong County, Guangdong Province) Upon finishing the project of the police station, my father asked for payment but they found many excuses to delay and refuse the payment. My father was angry so he quarrelled with the senior police officer and threatened to sue him.My father had an extramarital affair which was apparently illegal at that time and he was soon arrested. Two weeks later, my brother spent 15000 Yuan to bail him out. My father was a well-respected member of the local community so he knew many people in the detention centre and he was not tortured like a normal man would have been. He was a stubborn person so upon released from the detention centre; he told other people that the senior officer could not do much to him and he prepared to sue that officer. He continued with his affair and was soon arrested again, this time to a detention centre in a different place. Whether been told to do so or not, my father was brutally beaten up by his cellmates. My brother heard it and instantly bribed the staff and inmates but they kept beating up my father. After a month of toil and moil, he was finally released but he was severely hurt both physically and mentally. The project of the government was
delayed and it was used as an excuse by the government to refuse the payment. My father realized that he could never win the battle against that senior officer and every civil service officer in CCP would cover each other. He feared that he might be harmed again so he mortgaged our familyÂ’s house to the bank and was ready to flee. In 1996, my father closed down his factory and fled with his mistress. I was at high school back then.
I have three siblings. My brother is seven years older than I. he was an employee of Yangdong County Telecommunication Bureau,Guangdong. My sister is two years older than I. She was studying at China Agricultural University in Beijing. The relationship between my father and mother was far from harmonious. I was the type of student who could get good results without much effort. My brother could afford me to go to a university, however, because my sister needed
money. He decided to send me to the PLA (PeopleÂ’s Liberation Army) instead. I agreed as the government would provide me with a job once when I leave the army. Even so, my brother still bribed many people in order to get me into the army.In December, 1997, I was conscripted to the People’s Liberation Army Navy Marine Corps. The training was ridiculously harsh as it was a tactical level combat unit. The training was frequently forced.Once, after a whole day of hard training, I was forced to do three hundred push-ups and blacked out. I also heard from the veterans that there were people who actually died during their training. In the 1998 Yangtze River flood, my corps was ordered to the frontline in the most critical period. It was believed that the bank of the river would have to break. My corps was asked to prepare jet-boats to rescue people,but my corps managed to stop it with amazing efficiency. It perhaps could be attributed to the harsh training we had. I had other missions at that time so I was not there. Many of my comrades fainted when they saw the gate of our camp. I later asked them whether it was exhausting to relieve the disaster or not. They all told me that the hardship was no match to the training we had so they fainted when they saw the gate as it reminded them of what would happen then. Now you know why the soldiers in the PLA are not afraid of death, it is because the life in the PLA is worse than death.
The bribery in the army is very open and there is a set pricelist. When I was in it, learn how to drive cost about 3000 Yuan.The other posts were also rated according to the ‘grade’ of the job and the background of the soldier who wanted to assume them. So does the promotion, say if you have an uncle who is a sergeant, then you are highly likely to be promoted, otherwise you have to bribe.After I left the army, I was sent to a town in my city, Nalong Town. I worked as a civil officer in the town government. I was not a party official. I was just a normal employee. Because I do not have a good feeling toward the party, I spent much time on searching for other jobs and contacting the rest of the world through Internet. I do not have much wealth so I could only work for somebody else. I became a sales staff, clerk and personal assistant successively. These jobs were harder than my first one but I knew I was much luckier than those poor workers in factories. They worked hard and earned little. I think what they get is highly incompatible to what they give out but those kind people do not even know it, let alone to resist. After the reform, China has developed its industry and business, used cheep labours to attract money to get tax. According to the party, the economy has increased by multiple times but the salary of workers still remains at the level of mid-80s. I can still see advertisement of recruiting workers at the salary of 500 Yuan per month until 2007.I think the party colludes with avaricious businessmen so that the minimum wage never rises. They sacrifice the well-being of the grassroots to gain taxes.

Torturing Terrorists

Geneva Conventions: Art. 5
"Where in occupied territory an individual protected person is detained as a spy or saboteur, or as a person under definite suspicion of activity hostile to the security of the Occupying Power, such person shall, in those cases where absolute military security so requires, be regarded as having forfeited rights of communication under the present Convention."

Afterwards it says "In each case, such persons shall nevertheless be treated with humanity and, in case of trial, shall not be deprived of the rights of fair and regular trial prescribed by the present Convention. They shall also be granted the full rights and privileges of a protected person under the present< Convention at the earliest date consistent with security of State or Occupying Power"

Since a soldier is technically defined as a person that fights for a country and wears a uniform on the battlefield terrorists are not protected under the Geneva Conventions. They must be treated HUMANLY but are not protected anywhere in the Conventions against torture. I have not read the entire document only parts of it. From what i gather if you capture a terrorist they are considered a spy and a spy is not protected against torture only INNOCENT civilians are therefore can’t we legally torture terrorists if we try them in court?

10 year old forced to marry 80 year old.

Quote:

AL-LAITH: A 10-year-old bride was returned last Sunday to her 80-year-old husband by her father who discovered her at the home of her aunt with whom she has been hiding for around 10 days.

A local newspaper said the husband, who denies he is 80 in spite of claims by the girl’s family, accused the aunt of meddling in his affairs. “My marriage is not against Shariah. It included the elements of acceptance and response by the father of the bride,” he said.

He added that he had been engaged to his wife’s elder sister and that this broke off as she wanted to continue with her education. “In light of this, her father offered his younger daughter. I was allowed to have a look at her according to Shariah and found her acceptable,” he said.

Maatouq Al-Abdullah, a member of the National Society for Human Rights (NSHR), said there is no system in place regulating the marriage of young girls, something that he said results in adverse psychological, health and social effects.

“Such marriages are considered a gross violation of charters on the rights of children, which the Kingdom has signed and which set the age of adulthood at 18,” he added.


So where is the international community? I mean this is pure madness, a >10< year old marries an 80 year old.

http://www.arabnews.com/?page=1&sect…tegory=Kingdom

The government of Azerbaijan has killed Talysh scientist Novruzali Mamedov

http://www.talish.info/news/2009-08-18-522

The Institute for Reporters’ Freedom and Safety condemns Azerbaijan’s government for the mysterious death of imprisoned Editor-in-Chief of “Tolishi Sado” Newspaper Novruzali Mammadov, and declares that the political responsibility for this death rests on Azerbaijan’s government. 68-year-old N.Mammadov, who was sentenced to ten years imprisonment for unproven treachery charges, passed away yesterday, 17 August, in the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital. Although the Penitentiary Services reported that N. Mammadov died as a result of severe brain thrombosis, it is written in the local press that N. Mammadov died due to heart failure.

On 18 January of this year N. Mammadov was put in “solitary confinement” in Prison #15 and as a result he developed serious health problems. Then he appealed to court, and in March of this year, the court fulfilled his claim and issued a decision to immediately transfer him to a medical facility. However, the prison leadership ignored the court’s decision and N. Mammadov’s health deteriorated. On 28 July N.Mammadov health became critical and he was transferred to the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital. Considering the seriousness of Mammadov’s health problems, local and organizations (Council of Europe Secretary General’s Special Envoy for Azerbaijan Veronica Kotek, Ombudsman Elmira Suleymanova and so on) called for the editor-in-chief to be placed in a civilian hospital, and to invite a medical consultant expert via the Council of Europe to see him. However, this was not permitted.

IRFS believes that the author of “Tolishi-Urusi-Tirkeyi Luget” (Talysh-Russian-Turkish dictionary) N. Mammadov’s arrest was politically motivated and that government imprisoned Mammadov to restrict his freedom of speech.

IRFS declares that MammadovÂ’s death indicates that the lives of imprisoned journalists and bloggers are in danger and evaluates this as a terroristic act of the government against freedom of speech. IRFS declares that the responsibility for the death of N.Mammadov rests on the government and calls on AzerbaijanÂ’s government to investigate this death and release all of AzerbaijanÂ’s imprisoned journalists and all other prisoners arrested for freedom of speech.

IRFS notes that this is not first time that people arrested for the expression of their political views have passed away in prison. Faina Kungurova, a female political activist who was arrested on political reasons, died in the Justice MinistryÂ’s hospital on 19 October 2007.

IRFS considers that these kinds of cases are the result of the Azeri government’s indifference, disrespectful and inhumane approach towards the life of people and journalists who have different political views. As a result of this attitude, the murder of Monitor” Journal Editor-in-Chief Elmar Huseynov has not been solved yet, and the government is not concerned to find the executors and the people behind this murder.

IRFS expresses its condolences in connection with N. MammadovÂ’s death, and calls on international organizations to assist to investigate the mysterious death of N.Mammadov and to impose sanctions against officials that hold political responsibility for this death.

NOVRUZALI MAMMADOV BURIED IN HIS NATIVE VILLAGE

Today, 18 August, “Tolishi Sado” Newspaper Editor-in-chief Novruzali Mammadov has been buried in his native village Arkivan in Astara region. N.Mammadov’s relatives said that he lost weight, and therefore it was very hard to recognize him.

The employees of the Institute for ReportersÂ’ Freedom and Safety, who were participating in the funeral, confirmed that the corpse was unrecognizable. People participating in the funeral named N.Mammadov a martyr and said that this death was damaging to the statehood of Azerbaijan.

Tomorrow “third day” ceremony will be held in Astara’s Arkivan village. Yesterday, 17 August, “Tolishi Sado” Newspaper Editor-in-chief N.Mammadov died in the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital. Mammadov was transferred to the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital on 28 July 2009 after his health worsened. In 2007, during a closed hearing, N.Mammadov was sentenced to ten year imprisonment under article 274 (treason) of the Criminal Code of Azerbaijan Republic. However, N.Mammadov, who has Talysh nationality, did not consider himself guilty and claimed that his arrest was related to ethnic-political motives and freedom of speech.

Photo: http://www.irfs.az/component/option,…,3154/lang,az/

Photo: http://www.irfs.az/component/option,…id,30/lang,az/

Video: http://www.irfs.az/content/blogcategory/15/31/lang,az/

http://www.talish.info/news/2009-08-18-522

The Institute for Reporters’ Freedom and Safety condemns Azerbaijan’s government for the mysterious death of imprisoned Editor-in-Chief of “Tolishi Sado” Newspaper Novruzali Mammadov, and declares that the political responsibility for this death rests on Azerbaijan’s government. 68-year-old N.Mammadov, who was sentenced to ten years imprisonment for unproven treachery charges, passed away yesterday, 17 August, in the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital. Although the Penitentiary Services reported that N. Mammadov died as a result of severe brain thrombosis, it is written in the local press that N. Mammadov died due to heart failure.

On 18 January of this year N. Mammadov was put in “solitary confinement” in Prison #15 and as a result he developed serious health problems. Then he appealed to court, and in March of this year, the court fulfilled his claim and issued a decision to immediately transfer him to a medical facility. However, the prison leadership ignored the court’s decision and N. Mammadov’s health deteriorated. On 28 July N.Mammadov health became critical and he was transferred to the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital. Considering the seriousness of Mammadov’s health problems, local and organizations (Council of Europe Secretary General’s Special Envoy for Azerbaijan Veronica Kotek, Ombudsman Elmira Suleymanova and so on) called for the editor-in-chief to be placed in a civilian hospital, and to invite a medical consultant expert via the Council of Europe to see him. However, this was not permitted.

IRFS believes that the author of “Tolishi-Urusi-Tirkeyi Luget” (Talysh-Russian-Turkish dictionary) N. Mammadov’s arrest was politically motivated and that government imprisoned Mammadov to restrict his freedom of speech.

IRFS declares that MammadovÂ’s death indicates that the lives of imprisoned journalists and bloggers are in danger and evaluates this as a terroristic act of the government against freedom of speech. IRFS declares that the responsibility for the death of N.Mammadov rests on the government and calls on AzerbaijanÂ’s government to investigate this death and release all of AzerbaijanÂ’s imprisoned journalists and all other prisoners arrested for freedom of speech.

IRFS notes that this is not first time that people arrested for the expression of their political views have passed away in prison. Faina Kungurova, a female political activist who was arrested on political reasons, died in the Justice MinistryÂ’s hospital on 19 October 2007.

IRFS considers that these kinds of cases are the result of the Azeri government’s indifference, disrespectful and inhumane approach towards the life of people and journalists who have different political views. As a result of this attitude, the murder of Monitor” Journal Editor-in-Chief Elmar Huseynov has not been solved yet, and the government is not concerned to find the executors and the people behind this murder.

IRFS expresses its condolences in connection with N. MammadovÂ’s death, and calls on international organizations to assist to investigate the mysterious death of N.Mammadov and to impose sanctions against officials that hold political responsibility for this death.

NOVRUZALI MAMMADOV BURIED IN HIS NATIVE VILLAGE

Today, 18 August, “Tolishi Sado” Newspaper Editor-in-chief Novruzali Mammadov has been buried in his native village Arkivan in Astara region. N.Mammadov’s relatives said that he lost weight, and therefore it was very hard to recognize him.

The employees of the Institute for ReportersÂ’ Freedom and Safety, who were participating in the funeral, confirmed that the corpse was unrecognizable. People participating in the funeral named N.Mammadov a martyr and said that this death was damaging to the statehood of Azerbaijan.

Tomorrow “third day” ceremony will be held in Astara’s Arkivan village. Yesterday, 17 August, “Tolishi Sado” Newspaper Editor-in-chief N.Mammadov died in the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital. Mammadov was transferred to the Justice Ministry’s Penitentiary Services Central Hospital on 28 July 2009 after his health worsened. In 2007, during a closed hearing, N.Mammadov was sentenced to ten year imprisonment under article 274 (treason) of the Criminal Code of Azerbaijan Republic. However, N.Mammadov, who has Talysh nationality, did not consider himself guilty and claimed that his arrest was related to ethnic-political motives and freedom of speech.

Photo: http://www.irfs.az/component/option,…,3154/lang,az/

Photo: http://www.irfs.az/component/option,…id,30/lang,az/

Video: http://www.irfs.az/content/blogcategory/15/31/lang,az/

Wendy Stenberg-Tendys asked:


 

Freedom House, a New York based, non-profit NGO, has been monitoring threats to human rights from as far back as 1980. Its 2009 annual report discloses that at the commencement of 2009, 54% of the world’s population is still forced to live under brutal authoritarian rule.

· 89 (46%) of the world’s 193 countries are rated as Free, where the people have the freedom of a wide assortment of political and human liberties.

· 62 (32%) live in only Partly Free countries, where law enforcement is weak

· 42 (22%) of the world’s countries are given the rating of Not Free with the people having only basic human rights and political freedom completely unknown.

Of the 42 countries designated as Not Free, eight were marked with the Worst of the Worst possible ranking. These countries included: Burma, Equatorial Guinea, Libya, North Korea, Somalia, Sudan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The list includes the two territories, Chechnya and Tibet.

At a slightly lower level of rating were the countries, Belarus, Chad, China, Cuba, Eritrea, Laos, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Zimbabwe, alongside the two territories of South Ossetia (Georgia) and Western Sahara (Morocco). In these countries there is very little room for private discussion, while political opposition is harshly repressed. Any criticism toward the authorities is censored and penalized. The people’s lives are completely controlled by government and all invasive, with the threat of harsh payback for free thought, or action.

The countries committing human rights abuse, reach across the Americas, the Middle East, Central Asia, Africa and East Asia. They embrace a large range of cultures and several levels of economic growth. Countries such as Zimbabwe have crumbled from being one of Africa’s most affluent nations, to becoming one of its poorest, ravaged by disease, starvation and the world’s highest level of inflation.

During the last 30 years there has been a momentous increase of human freedom. Many autocratic leaders have found themselves on trial in international courts, while many are still in the process. Many states have discarded their tyrannical ways and opted for democracy, giving deference to fundamental civil freedom. There is global backing for the:

· values of democracy

· rule of law

· freedom of association

· freedom of speech,

· rights of the minorities

· plus many other fundamental universally recognized basic human rights.

Many of the countries that have measured and sustainable progress in long-term economic growth, also follow democratic practices.

However, Executive Director of Freedom House Jennifer Windsor, says “Although democracy has scored impressive gains in recent times, we have also begun to experience a new drive to prevent the further spread of democracy and where possible, roll back some of the achievements that have already been registered.” This includes closing down independent media, marginalizing political competitors, preventing independent think tanks and stopping NGOs from getting badly needed resources.

On top of all that, many of the worst human rights law-breakers have become a member of loose coalitions belonging to the United Nations, in order to turn aside the world’s eyes from their history of tyranny.

 



Failed Experiment

Scientology in France Mobilized for Human Rights

Linda Wieland asked:






Members of Scientology churches and missions throughout France are making human rights a fact.

Scientology churches and missions in France sponsor a human right initiative called Youth for Human Rights (YHRI), to help make human rights known and bring about important human rights reforms.

Last year’s blockbuster film, “Taken” brought to light a Paris you won’t find in the tourist brochures—an international hub for *** trafficking.

Despite freedom from slavery being one of the 30 rights mandated by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), which was ratified by the member nations of the UN 60 years ago, an estimated 600,000 to 800,000 men, women, and children are trafficked yearly across international borders. Of these, 70 percent are female and 50 percent are children, the majority of whom are forced into the commercial *** trade.

With this in mind, Scientology Churches in France have intensified their work to educate people on the basics of human rights.

The Church of Scientology is founded on the principle of human rights.  In fact, the Creed of the Church of Scientology, written by L. Ron Hubbard in 1954, begins with the words, “We of the Church believe: That all men of whatever race, color or creed were created with equal rights.”

For this reason, the Scientology churches and missions of France held a weekend-long human rights education and petition drive to inform people in their communities of their rights and responsibilities, believing that education in the subject is a vital first step in making human rights a fact.



In Paris, 24 teenagers and children converged on the Beaubourg Centre in the heart of Paris and collected 3,000 signatures on a petition mandating human rights education for all youth in France, and insisting that the French government fully implement the 30 articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Six members of the Church of Scientology Mission of Marseilles set up a booth at the old harbor.  With a large banner telling people, “know your rights,” they distributed hundreds of booklets that clearly present the 30 basic human rights covered in the Universal Declaration.

In the center of Bordeaux, Scientologists set up a display, and throughout the afternoon they played educational videos produced by the Church of Scientology that inform people of about Universal Declaration.  In Angers and Vannes, eight Scientologists held their own petition drive collecting more than 400 signatures to support the UDHR.



“We believe in our country, and if everyone in France were aware of human rights and the kinds of violations that occur here and in other countries, and if we all demanded the implementation of the Universal Declaration, sexual trafficking and other gross violations would cease,” said Françoise Morel, Scientology Human Rights Director for France. “We simply wouldn’t tolerate it.”

For more information on the human rights initiatives sponsored by the Church of Scientology visit the Scientology video channel.



human rights

Globalization, State, Mass Media and Human Rights

naraginti amareswaran asked:


Globalization, State, Mass Media and Human Rights

                                                                                                 

‘The care of human life and happiness, and not their destruction, is the first and only object of good government’……………  Thomas Jefferson.

‘The 20th century has been characterized by three developments of great political importance: The growth of democracy, the growth of corporate power, and the growth of corporate propaganda as a means of protecting corporate power against democracy’.……………Alex Carey

‘States are not moral agents, people are, and can impose moral standards on powerful institutions’……………Noam Chomsky

‘When I give food to the poor, they call me a saint. When I ask why the poor have no food, they call me a communist’……………Dom Helder Camara

Human Rights:

Human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent. Human rights are what make us human. When we speak of the right to life, or development, or to dissent and diversity, we are speaking of tolerance. Tolerance will ensure all freedoms. Without it, we can be certain of none.

Human Rights are:

The rights that someone has simply because he or she is a human being.

•         Universal

•         Interconnected

•         Indivisible

Common Myths about Human Rights:

•           Human Rights are the same as civil rights.

•           Human Rights violations occur only in poor, foreign countries.

•           Human Rights are only concerned with violations.

•           Only adults and lawyers can understand the significance of Human Rights.

•           Human Rights are only legal rights.

•           Both Rights and Responsibilities

Universal Declaration of Human Rights:

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was drafted by the UN Commission on Human Rights chaired by, then first lady, Eleanor Roosevelt.  The UDHR was adopted by the 56 member nations of the UN General Assembly on December 10, 1948. 

December 10th is now celebrated around the world as International Human Rights Day.  There are now188 member states in the United Nations that, upon membership, agreed to educate their citizens about the principles of the UDHR. Most of these countries have incorporated the principles of the UDHR into their constitutions.

Five Primary Categories of Human Rights:

•         Civil Rights

•         Political Rights

•         Economic Rights

•         Social Rights

•         Cultural Rights

Human Rights Education:

          Human rights Education is necessary for each and every one in the society. By knowing human rights it is possible to follow rules & regulation and rights & duties.

•         Produces changes in values and attitudes

•         Produces changes in behavior

•         Produces empowerment for social justice

•         Develops attitudes of solidarity across issues and nations

•         Develops knowledge and analytical skills

•         Produces participatory education

 

Globalization:

Globalization is the tendency of businesses, technologies, or philosophies to spread throughout the world, or the process of making this happen. The global economy is sometimes referred to as globality, characterized as a totally interconnected marketplace, unhampered by time zones or national boundaries. The proliferation of McDonalds restaurants around the world is an example of globalization; the fact that they adapt their menus to suit local tastes is an example of globalization (also known as internationalization), a combination of globalization and localization.

Globalization and Human Rights:

Globalization—the growing interpenetration of states, markets, communications, and ideas across borders—is one of the leading characteristics of the contemporary world. International norms and institutions for the protection of human rights are more developed than at any previous point in history, while global civil society fosters growing avenues of appeal for citizens repressed by their own states. But assaults on fundamental human dignity continue, and the very blurring of borders and rise of transnational actors that facilitated the development of a global human rights regime may also be generating new sources of human rights abuse. Even as they are more broadly articulated and accepted, the rights of individuals have come to depend ever more on a broad array of global actors and forces, from ministries to multinationals to missionaries.

Globalization is a package of transnational flows of people, production, investment, information, ideas, and authority (not new, but stronger and faster). Human rights are a set of claims and entitlements to human dignity, which the existing international regime assumes will be provided (or threatened) by the state. A more cosmopolitan and open international system should free individuals to pursue their rights, but large numbers of people seem to be suffering from both long-standing state repression and new denials of rights linked to transnational forces. The essays in this volume show that the challenge of globalization is that unaccountable flows of migration and open markets present new threats, which are not amenable to state-based human rights regimes, while the new opportunities of global information and institutions are insufficiently accessible and distorted by persistent state intervention.

The effect of globalization on state-based human rights violations will depend on the type of state and its history. In newly democratizing countries with weak institutions and elite-controlled economies (Russia, Latin America, and Southeast Asia), the growth of global markets and economic flows tends to destabilize coercive forces but increase crime, police abuse, and corruption. Global mobility and information flows generally stimulate ethnic mobilization, which may promote self-determination in responsive states but more often produces collective abuses in defense of dominant-group hegemony. On the other hand, the same forces have produced slow institutional openings by less fragmented single-party states (like China and Mexico). In much of Africa, globalization has ironically increased power vacuums, by both empowering substate challengers and providing sporadic intervention, which displaces old regimes without consolidating new ones. Some of the most horrifying abuses of all have occurred in the transnationalized, Hobbesian civil wars of Sierra Leone, Angola, and the Congo.

Centre for Globalization:

The Yale Center for the Study of Globalization uses a variety of means to explore globalization and promote the flow of ideas pertinent to our core issues. The activities organized by the YCSG are designed to interconnect in ways that will further the Center’s mission and enable us to achieve our goals.

Activities range from public lectures to international conferences to multidisciplinary roundtable discussions. YCSG connects the academy and policy worlds by bringing scholars and experts from outside the University to interact with faculty and students in workshops, panel discussions and colloquia, and organizes at least one major conference each year to explore an important aspect of globalization. A highly visible role of the Center is to bring key leaders in international affairs to campus to make a major public address.

The Center has initiated a program to bring distinguished visitors to Yale for periods of up to one year to complete a project or collaborate on a body of work. Visitors will represent a range of backgrounds and experiences, from researchers and practitioners to distinguished former government officials.

YCSG has developed and continues to cultivate collaborations with multilateral institutions, international and global organizations, and individuals who through their work in academia or public policy contribute significantly to the globalization debate.

          It is necessary to establish such type of centre in our university also. In the modern generation also computer literacy is very low in our community. It is very sad thing that our students have no interest to learn computer education. Without computer it is not possible to share opinions of other country citizens.

Amnesty International:

Amnesty International is a world-embracing movement working for the protection of human rights. It is independent of all governments and is neutral in its relation to political groups, ideologies and religious dividing lines.

Amnesty  International  was  founded  in 1961 by Peter Benenson, a British lawyer. It  was  originally  his  intention  to  launch an appeal in Britain with the aim of obtaining an amnesty  for  prisoners of conscience all over the world. The committee working  for  this  cause  soon  found that a detailed documentation of this category of prisoners would be needed. Gradually they realized that the work would have to be carried   out on a more permanent   basis;  the  number  of  prisoners  of  conscience  was  enormous  and they were to be found in every part of the world.

Amnesty international organization protecting the human rights through out the world. It gives ranks for protecting human rights to each and every country in the world. In Asia our rank is best when compared to other neighbouring countries.

Role of mass media in protecting Human Rights:

          Now we are living in the modern technological world. It is easy to know any type of things with in seconds through out the world. Audions of televisions and internet users increasing day by day. It is easy to protect human rights with the help of mass media. Mass is called as fourth estate. With the help of mass media it is easy to motivate about human rights each state of the citizens in the world. Our daily news papers focusing on human rights. It is true that government of the each states in the world have  take good  steps to protect human rights because of mass media. It is very important the Poets, Writers and Journalists should take care to protect human rights through their poems, books, novels and articles.

Conclusion:

          Swamy Vivekananda said “We want that education by which character is formed, strength of mind is increased, the intellect is expanded, and by which one can stand on one’s own feet”. It is true. It is our Government duty to give such type of education for each and every student in the country. Through education only we can solve all types of problems. Through education it is easy to motivate peoples about moral values and human rights. Education gives knowledge, strength and creativity. By proper using of technology, it is possible to India to become developed country in the world in future. ‘Save human rights and give safe life to every one’ .

 

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Failed Experiment

Globalization, State and Human Rights

naraginti amareswaran asked:


Globalization, State and Human Rights

 

Now we are living in the technological and modern world. India has developed in all the fields. All of have equal rights in India. There are different types of peoples (Hindu, Muslim, Christian) are living in India. But they are called Indian Hindu, Indian Muslim and Indian Christian. Our constitution gives equal rights and duties for all Indians.

Globalization

Globalization, or globalisation is a term describing the increasing interdependence, integration and interaction among people, companies and corporations in disparate locations around the world. This umbrella term refers to a complex medley of economic, trade, social, technological, cultural and political relationships. The term has been used as early as 1944, however Theodore Levitt is usually credited with its first use in an economic context.

Definition of Globalization     

globalization is the worldwide process of homogenizing prices, products, wages, rates of interest and profits. Globalization relies on three forces for development: the role of human migration, international trade, and rapid movements of capital and integration of financial markets.

Aspects of Globalization

Globalization also has a number of different focuses and aspects which contribute in varying amounts to the effect of globalization across the globe:

·        Industrial globalization (alias trans nationalization) – rise and expansion of multinational enterprises

·        Financial globalization – emergence of worldwide financial markets and better access to external financing for corporate, national and subnational borrowers

·        Political globalization – spread of political sphere of interests to the regions and countries outside the neighborhood of political (state and non-state) actors

·        Informational globalization – increase in information flows between geographically remote locations

·        Cultural globalization – growth of cross-cultural contacts

·        Globalism – connection between cultures, nations, and people, it embodies cultural diffusion, the desire to consume and enjoy foreign products and ideas, adopt new technology and practices, and participate in a “world culture”. It is a universal, internationalist impulse that the world is connected.

·        Globalist – someone who is aware of world issues, enjoys new ideas, and considers themselves global citizens with an open mind to both criticize and agree with others.

Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization

            The term “globalization” is used to these collective changes as a process, or else as the cause of turbulent change. The distinct uses include:

·        Economically, socially and ecologically postitive: As an engine of commerce; one which brings an increased standard of living to Third World countries and further wealth to First World countries.

·        Economically, socially, politically, and ecologically negative: As an engine of “forporate imperialism”, one which tramples over human rights in developing societies, claims to bring prosperity, yet oftern simply amounts to plundering and profiteering. Negative effects include cultural assimilation via cultural imperialism, the export of artificail wants, and the destruction or inhibition of authentic local and global community, ecology and cultures.

Because of globalization it is easy to get any type of information with in seconds with the help  televison, internet and telephone, mobiles and fax. Through media the people knowing what is meant by human rights and what is their duties.

Human Rights

          Human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent. Human rights are what make us human. When we speak of the right to life, or development, or to dissent and diversity, we are speaking of tolerance. Tolerance will ensure all freedoms. Without it, we can be certain of none.

 

Definition of Human Rights

           Human Rights is defined as “The basic rights and freedoms, to which all humans are entitled, often held to include the right to life and liberty, freedom of thought and expression, and equality before the law”.

            Human rights are founded on respect for the dignity and worth of each person. They are universal legal guarantees protecting individuals and groups against actions which interfere with fundamental freedoms and human dignity. Some of the most important characteristics of human rights are the following:



They are internationally guaranteed;

They are legally protected;

They focus on the dignity of the human being;

They protect individuals and groups;

They obligate States and State actors;

They cannot be waived/taken away;

They are equal and interdependent;

They are universal.



Types of Human Rights

There are so many types of Human Rights. Among them the important Human Rights are:

·        Political Rights

·        Cultural Rights

·        Economic Rights

·        Civil Rights

·        Social Rights

Human Rights and Education

          Our former President Dr. Sarvepalli Radha Krishnan said that the development of any nation is depend upon on its educational system and teachers. Teachers are national builders. Through education it is possible to change the world. Through education it is easy to motivate people. Through education only it is possible to learn what are our duties and rights? By establishing Human Rights departments the University Grants Commission has taking good steps to improve social development. Human Rights department conducting national seminars, workshops and conferences about Human Rights to motivate students and people in the society.

            Mahatma Gandhi said ‘all are equal, truth is God and God is truth’. With the help of private organizations Government of India and  State Government of Andhra Pradesh conducting so many programmes about human rights. There is a separate department for human rights at both state and central level. Every year December 10th is celebrated as International Human Rights Day.

Gender and Human Rights   

          Because of science and technology a lot of change has occurred in our daily life. Because of globalization it is possible to get any type of information with in seconds. Males and females are equal. There is no gender difference. Women are participating in all types of competitions and they are also succeeding. Number of females is also working in the law and police departments. There is a separate wing for female protection and welfare both at central and state level. Government gives equal rights to male and female.

          The National Commission for Women was set up as a statutory body in January 1992 under the National Commission for Women Act, 1990 (Act No. 20 of 1990) of Govt. of India, to review the Constitutional and legal safeguards for women; recommend remedial legislative measures, facilitate redressal of grievances and advise the Government on all policy matters affecting women.

The issue of the advancement of women’s rights has concerned the United Nations since the Organization’s founding. Yet the alarming global dimensions of female-targeted violence were not explicitly acknowledged by the international community until December 1993, when the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women.

In view of the alarming growth in the number of cases of violence against women throughout the world, the Commission on Human Rights adopted resolution 1994/45 of 4 March 1994, in which it decided to appoint the Special Reporter on violence against women, including its causes and consequences.

Defining Gender-based Abuse

The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women is the first international human rights instrument to exclusively and explicitly address the issue of violence against women. It affirms that the phenomenon violates, impairs or nullifies women’s human rights and their exercise of fundamental freedoms.

The Declaration provides a definition of gender-based abuse, calling it “any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life”.

The definition is amplified in article 2 of the Declaration, which identifies three areas in which violence commonly takes place:

·         Physical, sexual and psychological violence that occurs in the family, including battering; sexual abuse of female children in the household; dowry-related violence; marital rape; female ******* mutilation and other traditional practices harmful to women; non-spousal violence; and violence related to exploitation;

·         Physical, sexual and psychological violence that occurs within the general community, including rape; sexual abuse; sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere; trafficking in women; and forced prostitution;

·         Physical, sexual and psychological violence perpetrated or condoned by the State, wherever it occurs.

Health and Human Rights

The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being…” – World Health Organization.

WHO’s health and human rights work areas

            Health and human rights has been designated as a cross-cutting activity in WHO. Ethics, Trade, Human Rights and Law (ETH) within Sustainable Development and Healthy Environments (SDE) is the focal point within the Organization for human rights.

WHO is actively strengthening its role in providing technical, intellectual and political leadership in the field of health and human rights. The main objectives are to:

·         Strengthen WHO’s capacity to integrate a human rights-based approach in its work

·         Support governments to integrate a human rights-based approach in health development

·         Advance the right to health in international law and international development processes

Promoting and protecting health and respecting, protecting and fulfilling human rights are inextricably linked:

·         Violations or lack of attention to human rights can have serious health consequences (e.g. harmful traditional practices, slavery, torture and inhuman and degrading treatment, violence against women and children).

·         Health policies and programmes can promote or violate human rights in their design or implementation (e.g. freedom from discrimination, individual autonomy, rights to participation, privacy and information).

·         Vulnerability to ill-health can be reduced by taking steps to respect, protect and fulfill human rights (e.g. freedom from discrimination on account of race, *** and gender roles, and rights to health, food and nutrition, education, housing).

Conclusion

          Now we are living in the technological world. Due to globalization we get any type of information with in seconds with the help of television, telephone, mobile, internet and fax. Now both male and female have equal opportunities. The literacy percentage of women is also high. Civil Rights, Political Rights, Economic Rights, Health Rights and Cultural Rights are primary rights for all. Through education it is possible to motivate about human rights among the students. Universities are primary resource centres for development of human right studies.  With the help of seminars, workshops and conferences it is possible to share opinions of eminent persons in the society. Their suggestions are more valuable. Sri Venkateswara University is giving opportunity for students in the field of research in Human rights subject.

 

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human rights

Sarkozy Backtracks on Human Rights Promise

Johnny Summerton asked:


When running for office last year, the French president, Nicolas Sarkozy vowed to include the respect for human rights as a vital part of France’s foreign policy.

Yet during his two-day state visit to Tunisia, he has not only failed to live up to that promise, but also left international and local human rights groups aghast as he went as far as to congratulate his Tunisian counterpart, Zine al Abidine Ben Ali, for the efforts he had made in improving his country’s human rights record.

It was a case of Sarkozy turning a blind eye to the facts and preferring to concentrate on Tunisia’s fight against terrorism, which he called the “true enemy of democracy.”

“I come from a continent whose recent history includes abominable tragedies,” Sarkozy said.

“ And I cannot see in whose name I have the right to start giving lessons especially to a country where I have come as a friend and where I am treated as one.”

Sarkozy went on to praise Ben Ali for the progress he had made in improving civil liberties and human rights, declaring that he was confident those efforts would be continued.

While Tunisia may well be recognised as one the north Africa’s most westernised countries, Ben Ali’s regime is constantly under fire from international groups for its abuse of human rights. And there are a few facts that Sarkozy cannot possibly have overlooked, even though he seems to have chosen to do so.

Ben Ali has been in power for over 20 years since and elections are far from being free and democratic by any stretch of the imagination, with political opposition barely represented. Current estimates put the number of political prisoners in the country at around the 200 mark and opponents of the ruling regime have no access to the state run media. Human rights groups accuse the government of regularly beating and jailing opponents, accusations that it denies. It goes without saying that the press is not free

But all that seems to have escaped Sarkozy’s attention even though he declares himself to be a defender of human rights.

Once again business has won the day with the power of the chequebook proving the most persuasive argument for Sarkozy and his entourage of leading French industrialists. Deals worth billions of euros were signed by both Airbus and Alstom.

All eyes will now be on the outspoken French junior minister for human rights, Rama Yade, to see whether she will fall into line with the statements of her boss or be more critical. Yade is due to meet representatives from Tunisian human rights groups on Tuesday.



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